Human Reproduction Questions and Answers

A teenage girl gets pregnant and won t tell her parents who the father is Her parents contact the parents of all the boys she has dated in the last year to find out their blood types The girl has blood type O and the baby has blood type A Boyfriend 1 has type B blood Boyfriend 2 has type O blood Boyfriend 3 has type AB blood Who should the parents point their shotgun at Boyfriend 1 Boyfriend 2 Boyfriend 3 Father could be either 1 or 3

Which statement describes the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance OA In incomplete dominance both traits appear while codominance produces a blend of the two traits OB A recessive trait is completely masked by a codominant trait but in incomplete dominance the phenotype is a blend of the two traits C Incomplete dominance produces a blend of the two traits but in codominance both traits appear D In codominance both traits appear but in incomplete dominance the recessive phenotype is mankod

At what stage of IVF is PGD preimplantation genetic diagnosis most likely to occur During hormonal stimulation of the ovaries to generate multiple eggs O During the process of egg retrieval from the ovaries Shortly after fertilization when embryos are being cultured in a dish O Before fertilizing the eggs in a petri dish O After a pregnancy test comes back positive

Which of the following is least likely to result in the formation of a cancerous cell A B C D A dysfunction in a cell cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering the S phase A dysfunction causes the inability to produce cancer suppressing proteins Separation of chromatids during mitosis occurs without all centromeres being attached to spindle fibers from both poles Dysfunction results in the permanent activation of a cell division pathway in the absence of the appropriate ligand

56 Which part of the nephron indicates the site where filtration takes place A A B B B C C C D D E B C 57 Which statement regarding labor is FALSE A The delivery of the placenta takes place before the expulsion stage and after the dilation stage B Both the fetus and the mother can stimulate the placenta to make prostaglandins C Receptors for oxytocin are found on the uterus D Labor is a positive feedback loop that continues until the initial stimuli is no longer present E There are no false statements provided

and ends with a 39 Spermiogenesis begins with a A primary spermatocyte secondary spermatocyte B diploid cell haploid cell C spermatogonium sperm D sperm spermatid E spermatid sperm

Which of the following best explains what causes Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)? A The body fails to recognize testosterone B There is a failure of the reproductive organs to form during embryonic development. C The reproductive organs are broken down due to an attack by an autoimmune response in the body. D The body fails to produce gametes

Which examples are functions of the vagina? nourishes the developing embryo and fetus receives the penis and semen during sexual intercourse provides a passageway for childbirth provides a site for fertilization

Which statement best describes ovulation? an increase in the levels of estrogens during the proliferative phase formation of the corpus luteum, which begins production of progesterone maturation of a single zygote in response to follicle stimulating hormone binding of a zygote to the inner lining of the uterus release of a secondary oocyte from a mature follicle

How many chromosomes do "normal" human beings inherit from their fathers? 28 2 46 23

Which one of the following is correct regarding the blood-testis barrier? It is formed by Sertoli (sustentacular) cells It is formed by Leydig cells It prevents elevated plasma androgen- binding protein levels It prevents elevated plasma testosterone levels

Match the following phases of female reproductive physiology to its correct description: Early follicular phase: Positive feedback by estrogen on pituitary FSH secretion Early follicular phase: Negative feedback by estrogen on pituitary FSH secretion Early follicular phase: Positive feedback of estrogen for more estrogen release by thecal cells Early follicular phase: Occurs at the same time as the uterine secretory phase

If non-disjunction occurred in a male and the resultant sperm fertilized a normal egg cell, what possible outcomes would there be (in the embryo)? Show this for non-disjunction in meiosis I and in meiosis II.

Approximately how many times more gametes are found in a single male ejaculation compared to all the eggs found in a female at puberty? 625 times 20,000 times 1,000,000 times 20 times

Indifferent gonads are the gonads of people who have no interest in having sex. the gonads that develop when a person uses birth control. paired structures in the embryo that follow a male developmental program and a female pathway in the same person at the same time. paired structures in the embryo that can develop as either testes or ovaries.

12. Which structure is correctly paired with its function? a. ovary - provides milk for newborns b. testis- development of sperm c. placenta storage of released eggs d. uterus - produces estrogen

Explain in your words how the placenta is specialised to allow the baby to grow during gestation. The placenta is specialised to allow it to carry out its functions and clearly link structure to function in your answer. It is important to link structure and functions in the answer, for example identifying a large surface area is not enough, why it has this feature and how is it adapted to its role.

Why is it that males can be fertile even as they age past their sixties? Their spermatogonia divide by mitosis throughout life. They are born with a set number of sperm cells. They are born with more spermatids than they will ever need in life. Their sperrkatogonia directly undergo meiosis II.

Why are the seminal vesicles important for human reproduction? A. They produce the materials needed by the sperm to travel to the egg. B. They produce sperm cells that will fertilize the egg. C. They allow the sperm to be stored and help the sperm mature. D. They allow the sperm to travel to the urethra to be released..

The effects of testosterone and estrogen on the body are best described as absolute-there's no getting away from the impact of these hormones. moderated-many body. factors can influence the relationship between these hormones and the variable-the effects depend on the sexual orientation of the individual. unknown-these hormones haven't been studied enough to know the extent of their influence.

Which of the following generations has white flower plant in the mutation breeding example given in the lesson? M1 alone M1 and M2 M2 alone MO and M2

In terms of evolution, oognesis can be advantageous to the organism as its resources can be focused towards [?] individuals. A a few B just 4 C one

In terms of evolution, oogenesis can be [?] to the organism as its resources can be focused towards [ ] individuals. A deleterious B selected against C advan- tageous

Sexually reproducing organisms have diverse offspring but use large quantities of time and resources in the process. Scientists call this the A. Sexual Parsimony Principle B. Sexual Reproduction Paradigm C. Sexual Effect D. Mutation Maximization

Humans produce [?] gametes that combine to form a [ ] zygote. A. haploid B. asexual C. diploid

During the Sui Dynasty led a series of unsuccessful wars in an attempt to bring Korea under Chinese control. A. Wudi B. Mao Tse Tung C. Genghis Khan D. Yangdi

A person producing sperm has a genotype of Aa for a particular trait. How many total mature sperm will this person produce from one spermatocyte and what will the genotype(s) be? One sperm, Genotype Aa Two sperm: Genotype A or genotype a Four sperm: Two with genotype A and two with genotype a Four sperm: one with genotype AA, one with genotype aa, and 2 with genotype Aa.

In oogenesis, one gamete tends to horde the organelles and other resources leaving the other three daughter cells [?]. A immotile B hyper-viable C non-viable

In oogenesis, one gamete tends to [?] the organelles and other resources leaving the other three daughter cells parse out horde evenly divide

Which statement is characteristic of reproduction in humans? a. The reproductive cells of males and females differ in chromosome number. b. Males and females produce gametes in the ovaries. c. Males and females produce the same number of gametes. d. The reproductive cycles of males and females are regulated by hormones.

A Chihuahua is born having a trait that is different from either of its parents. A possible explanation for the difference is that the Chihuahua puppy 1. was produced as a result of the recombination of genes during sexual reproduction 2. was produced as a result of the process of asexual reproduction 3. inherited a gene from one of its grandparents and not its parents 4. had a mutation that occurred after it was born

11. Which hormone does not directly regulate human reproductive cycles? a. testosterone b. estrogen c. insulin d. progesterone

Age-related changes in the reproductive system: a) usually have no effect on sexual function b) always decrease the sex drive c) are most commonly associated with changes in the endocrine and urinary systems d) All of the above

3. Based on your Lab 4 results (staining pattern of kinesin - see Lab 4 Online Modules), how do you presume the microtubules are arranged in the oocyte? Use the image above to guide you. (1 mark) (a) (-) end at X and (+) end at Z (b) (-) end at X and (+) end at Y (c) (-) end at Y and (+) end at X (d) (-) end at Z and (+) end at Y

Gametogenesis is the production of gametes. Compare and contrast the process of gamet- ogenesis in each sex. In your response, be sure to identify the process used and name at least one similarity between the two processes and at least one difference. Finally, explain why the process in males is necessary to allow humans to reproduce. Please answer in complete sentences.

Pregnancy affects a woman's body many ways both physiologically and anatomically. Identify at least three systems of the body that are affected by a pregnancy and explain how and why those effects occur. Please answer in complete sentences.

Match the reproductive structure in the column to the left with the description or function that best describes it found in the column to the right. cervix fallopian tubes vagina ovaries uterus Hymen a. structure that separates the uterus from the vagina b. organs that produce eggs c. organ where implantation occurs and embryo develops d. site where fertilization of the egg most often occurs e. fold of tissue that partially covers the vagina f. tube that serves as birth canal

In a feedback loop, positive feedback leads to a reinforcing response, while a [?] feedback leads to an opposing response. A. positive B. negative C. benign

Why is ABP important for spermatogenesis? It concentrates testosterone in the seminiferous tubules. It binds to Androgen to create testosterone. It is a reactant that becomes testosterone. It acts as a proxy to testosterone.

You take a blood sample of your female patient and measure hormone concentrations in her plasma. You notice estrogen at a greater concentration than progesterone's concentration and you notice great concentrations of LH. What part of the menstrual cycle is your patient most likely in? Mid-to-late follicular phase Late luteal hase Early follicular phase Early-to-mid luteal phase

What causes menstruation? I don't know. something about the Moon cycles... The corpus luteum has a fixed lifespan and self-destructs after 12 days, which leads to a decline in estrogen and progesterone. Within inhibition, LH and FSH rise in plasma concentration. The low levels of inhibin create ruptures in the basal layers of the endometrium.

What is the name of the specialized cells that divide by meiosis to produce sperm cells in the male? Are these cells diploid or haploid? Why is it important for these cells to also undergo mitosis?

Biology Spring Semester Final Choose the correct statement about Meiosis. Gametes have 46 chromosomes and are formed in body cells. Gametes have 23 chromosomes and are formed in gonads. Somatic cells are all genetically different. Gametic cells are all genetically identical.

Starting from the superior and inferior vena cavae, chronologically trace the blood flow. MAKE SURE YOU PUT THE STARTING POSITION AS 1 AND THE LAST POSITION AS THE LARGEST NUMBER. ✓ lungs ✓ left ventricle ✓ left atrium ✓ bicuspid valve ✓ pulmonary veins" ✓ right atrium ✓ rest of body pulmonary arteries aorta ✓tricuspid valve aortic semilunar valve ✓right ventricle pulmonary trunk pulmonary semilunar valve

Your friends Sue and Tom have been trying unsuccessfully to have a baby. Their doctor wants to pursue in vitro fertilization but the entire process, including harvesting oocytes and sperm, can be expensive, time-consuming, invasive, and problem-laden. Sue has heard that cloning uses various typ of cells and knows that you're studying biology, so she wants to know whether skin cells from Tom could be used to fertilize skin cells of hers, rather than using eggs and sperm. What do you tell Sue about the cells needed for reproduction so that she thoroughly understands why certain cells are needed?

Based on the anatomy of the male, explain why an enlarged prostate would make urination difficult.

Sexual reproduction can produce diverse genotypes that may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment. allows animals to conserve resources and reproduce only during optimal conditions. yields more numerous offspring more rapidly than is possible with asexual reproduction. enables males and females to remain isolated from each other while rapidly colonizing habitats. guarantees that both parents will provide care for each offspring.

Which of the following synthesizes testosterone? the interstitial cells. the sertoli cells the cells of the anterior pituitary gland the cells of the hypothalamus

Which of the following structures is incorrectly paired with its function? oviduct-site of normal embryonic implantation O placenta-maternal and fetal exchange organ seminal vesicles-add sugar and mucus to semen epididymis-maturation and storage of sperm prostate gland-adds alkaline substances to semen

Which of the following are possible advantages of sexual reproduction? It allows the species to endure periods of fluctuating or unstable environmental conditions. It enables the species to colonize new regions rapidly. It enhances genetic variability in the species. it is fast and easy it is energetically cheap to perform