Biology Questions

Heterozygous Summarize how test crosses work by using the words genotype and phenotype to complete the sentence In a test cross the Homozygous of the parents Answer of the offspring can reveal the Homework Connections Selective breeding practices have been used since ancient times Provide specific examples where selective breeding has resulted in plants or animals that are familiar to us today

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Practice Making Line Graphs Problem 1 The relative hormone levels vary greatly during the 28 day human menstrual cycle The table below shows the relative levels of the four major hormones by day measured in micrograms pg Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 4 3 3 3 Luteinizing Hormone LH 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 8 10 12 22 32 20 6 6 6 6 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 Follicle Stimulating Hormone FSH 6 6 6 6 8 10 10 8 7 6 8 14 16 20 15 10 9 8 10 11 12 13 14 13 12 12 12 13 Estrogen 15 15 15 15 10 10 10 19 16 15 15 15 15 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 16 19 22 28 35 28 22 Progesterone 2 28 24 18 12 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 18 24 28 28 2 3 4 5 8 10 12 15 A Estrogen levels are highest on day number B LH levels are highest on day number C This data is very accurately measured Plot the data points and then draw a line graph in connect the dot fashion Title

J K E G D Cell 1 is Cell 2 is Letter F dots Cell 1 A Which cell is a plant cell and which cell is an animal cell Support your answer because because Cell 2 B Identify and state the function of the following structures on the diagram Function job Structure Name

10 Compare and contrast facilitated diffusion protein channels and active transport protein pumps Figure 8 14 Review A comparison of passive and active transport Similarities V V V V V Diffusion through lipid bilayer Facilitated diffusion O Passive transport Copyright The Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co Inc ram Campbels BIOLOGY Fourth Edition pannana Active transport Differences

Topic 1 Practice 1 Choose the best answer The scientific method seeks to ensure that a understanding is based on evidence b only deductive and not inductive reasoning is used c researchers are not methodologically materialistic d hypothesis testing science is favoured over descriptive science e hypotheses are proven

Match the types of energy with their correct description Match 000 Term Internal Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Latent Heat Energy Kinetic Energy Definition A The amount of energy released or absorbed when matter changes state B The energy of motion as in the movement of an entire system C The random motion of molecules within an air parcel D The amount of energy an object has based on its height above the Earth s surface

13 Cells in your pancreas make insulin Insulin is a protein that helps regulate blood sugar The cells release insulin into the bloodstream Describe the steps of how the cells make process and release this protein Start with the ribosome and end with exocytosis through the membrane

12 Use the diagram below to answer the following Cell 2 is Cell 1 A B C D because EFGH G J K SUTE Cell 2 CREE A Which cell is a plant cell and which cell is an animal cell Support your answer Cell 1 is because CHEE

5 The diagram shows a cell membrane C I A Letter G and F point to the two parts of the phospholipid Which part is attracted to water polar hydrophilic Which part is not attracted to water nonpolar hydrophobic B Structure B is a and its function is to C Structure E is a and its function is to vo

11 The pictures below represent endocytosis and exocytosis Describe what is happening in each picture Endocytosis Exocytosis

9 Look at the pictures Remember that dots are solutes and the empty blank space is water Hypotonic solution Hypotonic means having deficient tone or tension Water will The cell will 30 0 Isotonic solution Define each term state whether water will go in or out of the cell and state whether the cell will grow or shrink O Hypertonic solution Isotonic means the Stoute Hypertonic means when a solutions have having abnormally equal concentration of suures across a semipermeabic high tension or membroing tone Water will The cell will Water will go in and out equally The cell will not change size

6 The picture below represents diffusion Write one sentence to describe what is happening in the picture high concentration solute low concentration voeris toe

3 Scientists discover a new single celled organism It has DNA and ribosomes It has NO mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum Is the cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic Explain The cell is because

Directions Answer all questions Answers must be in essay form Outline form is not acceptable Labeled diagrams may be used to supplement discussion but in no case will a diagram alone suffice It is important that you read each question completely before you begin to write Write all your answers on the pages following the questions in the pink booklet 1 A major distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the presence of membrane bound organelles in eukaryotes a Describe the structure and function of TWO eukaryotic membrane bound organelles other than the nucleu b Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have some non membrane bound components in common Describe the function of TWO of the following and discuss how each differs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes DNA Cell wall Ribosomes c Explain the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells and discuss an example of evidence supporting this theory

The main carbohydrate ingested by humans is glucose O cellulose O sucrose O lactose O starch

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for recognizing each base in a DNA template strand and matching it to the complementary base in a free deoxyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase DNA polymerase Polynucleotide phosphorylase Reverse transcriptase

Explain how the shapes of various cells help to carry out its function within the body

A tissue is a collection of related cell types that work together to carry out a specific function Different tissues come together to form organs The cells tissues and organs of the body interact to meet the needs of the entire organism Using the Internet and or your textbook conduct research to determine which type of tissue matches the descriptions and fill in the chart below Recall that the four tissue types are muscle nervous epithelial and connective Tissue Type Description Covers the body and lines internal surfaces Regulates function of other tissues Supports protects and binds other tissues Contractile tissue Receives and responds to stimuli Smooth cardiac and skeletal Regulates the body s response to its environment Protective sheets of tightly packed cells connected by tight junctions

How is an organ different from a tissue

How is the process of cell differentiation regulated

Briefly describe the four types of tissue

Sometimes due to inherited disorders nerve cells in the muscular system do not function properly What problems might a person have if he or she had one of these disorders

Define apoptosis

Explain how the shapes of various cells help to carry out its function within the body Use evidence from the slides to support your answer

Why do multicellular organisms need specialized cells

Explain the process of cell determination

How can the differences in the shapes of cells be explained

List the five main levels of organization in multicellular organisms

Describe the process of cell differentiation

What are embryonic stem cells

Define zygote

How do human organ systems interact to provide for the needs of the human organism

16 Plant requirements explain how the parts of a plant differ and how they are specialized to be efficient for photosynthesis a Why do some plant cells undergo mitosis division more than others

14 CSI Wildlife Explain how gel electrophoresis is an affective technique for identifying the source of samples of evidence a Explain the basic process of gel electrophoresis b How do you read a gel to determine paternity or where a sample came from

19 Energy pyramids why is a pyramid a good representation for how energy flows through a community of organisms a Which level will have the greatest amount of organisms and why b Which level will have the fewest amount of organisms and why c What is the general rule about how much energy flows to the next trophic level in an energy pyramid d How do you calculate the amount of energy travels between trophic levels

15 Keystone species explain what it means to be a keystone species

11 Food web food chain explain how human activities can affect a food web or food chain

cules building blocks a List the four groups of macromolecules what are they used for in organisms and what they are made of monomers and elements i Corbonhydrate ii W iii iv b How is energy acquired from macromolecules ploculo contains the largest amount of potential energy Why 1225

8 Animal Nutrition Lab what evidence can be used to identify which feeding niche an organism occupies a Convert kilograms to pounds and pounds to kilograms b Why are energy needs different between different animals c How are diets developed for captive animals

Energy use in animals what do organisms do with the energy they consume ingest

5 Food web construct a food web utilizing more than 3 organisms Plants lows 1 Ceracelf meerkats a Which way do the arrows point in a food web or food chain b What do the arrows represent in a food web or food chain

13 In the diagram on the right color the structures with the indicated colors Prostate dark green Epididymis dark blue Corpus cavernosum red Ejaculatory duct brown Testis yellow Seminal gland orange Corpus spongiosum light blue Bulbourethral gland tan Ductus deferens light green Scrotum gray Urinary bladder purple Urethra black in ad mon znaltmak SY BEASTS

3 Microsatellites Phylogenetic tree use of DNA sequences to determine relatedness among populations a Using a phylogenetic tree how can you determine which populations are closely related Ecology geography how do biotic abiotic factors affect where species live What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors a b Identify which factors have the greatest impact on animal plant populations

2 Lulu the lion use of DNA alleles to determine paternity a What type of data can be used to identify potential parents b What type of data can be used to confirm parents of offspring

ter how to calculate net energy available Subtract the energy consumed from the energy Produced ve energy stored as large moleculed in their eccells that they can Thracgntout the day b How do you determine how much energy you have to hunt a What is resting metabolic rate Ahiter c How do you determine how much energy you will get from hunting a prey item d What are the benefits to living in a group versus living alone

A is very rapid over long distances B requires an expenditure of energy by the cell C is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration D is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration E requires integral proteins in the cell membrane 4 Which of the following can be utilized as a fuel source during cellular respiration A proteins B fats polysaccharides D A and B E A B and C 5 What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds A Covalent bonds require carbon while ionic bonds do not B Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms C Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between charged atoms D Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms ionic bonds involve the sharing c protons between charged atoms E Covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons between charged atoms ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms 2 44 45 CAD CD 46 CA CB CC 47 CA 48 A CC CD C D CE CB B B E CE C C C 99 CA 100 CA CB RESCC

D 75 E 100 hat is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes synth A Helicase B Single Stranded Binding Proteins SSBPs C Ligase D DNA Polymerase E Primase The relationship between a gene and a messenger RNA is that A genes are synthesized from an mRNA template B mRNAs are synthesized from gene template CmRNAs make proteins which then code for genes D all genes are made from mRNAs E none of the above are correct 10

4 Complete the statements The spiral ganglion is housed in the The dendrites of its neurons pass through the The axons of its neurons constitute the nerve fibres of the 5 Fill in the table put Reside in the saccule and utricle Reside in the ampullae of the semicircular canals Contain supporting cells Contain neuroepithelial cells Are covered with the otolithic membrane Are covered with the cupula Are sensors of gravity and linear acceleration Are sensors of angular acceleration 1 2 and contains 3 Parts of the vestibular apparatus 6 Enumerate the cells constituting the taste buds and indicate their functions and innervate Cells Maculae Functions Cristae 7 Suggest types of nerve fibers innervating receptor cells of the secondary sentient sense organs 1

in the table put Cochlear compartment Scala vestibuli Cochlear duct Containing endolymph Containing perilymph Containing the spiral org

Sexual Isolati 2 5 15 1 0 5 A B Same Hosts ecologically similar Based on the graph which of the following predictions can be made regarding the ecological speciation of both types of he An ecologically similar pair of population exhibits greater reproductive isolation increased level of gene flow population C Different Hosts ecologically diverse Type of Population Pair An ecologically diverse pair of population exhibits a lower reproductive isolation decreased level of gene flo population An ecologically similar pair of population exhibits a lower reproductive isolation decreased level of gene flow population