Human Physiology - General Questions and Answers

You ate some spicy, spicy pork tacos (mistakes were made). After digesting the tacos, you are experiencing acidosis. In the short term, how will your body react to bring blood back to it a more neutral pH? You reach for the Peptobismol. You will increase ventilation. You will decrease ventilation.

In a normal kidney, which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? I don't know a decrease in the net glomerular filtration pressure a decrease in the hydrostatic pressure of the glomerulus an increase in the capsular hydrostatic pressure a decrease in the concentration of osmolytes in the blood

You have a pregnant patient who Rh negative and is carrying a fetus who is Rh positive. It is their first pregnancy. Should they worry about Rhesus (Rh) Incompatibility during this first pregnancy? yes no

Which of the following shuttle systems is necessary for the oxidation of long chain fatty acids? Malate-Aspartate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Carnitine Citrate

What type of ovarian cyst has the highest potential for malignancy? Cervical Dermoid Follicular Corpus luteal

Synovial fluid that lubricates a synovial joint is produced by the articular cartilage the synovial membrane the mucus membrane a bursa a meniscus

Why don't humans produce ethanol when we are tired? Ethanol is an anaerobic process and humans do not undergo these processes. Ethanol is an anaerobic process but humans use lactic acid fermentation, not alcohol fermentation. Ethanol is an aerobic process and humans do not undergo these processes. Ethanol is an aerobic process but humans use lactic acid fermentation, not alcohol fermentation.

When the body is in a state of starvation, it can turn to proteins to fuel glycolysis. True False

Differences in sexual development are also referred to as intersex conditions or disorders of sex development. As many as 1 in 100 births show some differences from typical development. What is another term for DSD?

Why are the four major groups of dietary fat can be classified in this particular order ? 1. Polyunsaturated fats containing omega-3 fatty acids 2. Monounsaturated and fats and polyunsaturated fats that do not contain omega-3s 3. Saturated fats 4. Trans-fats

Maintenance of homeostasis in animals does not use negative feedback control mechanisms involves most organ systems working together involves mostly positive feedback mechanisms is so primeval that it is regulated by almost exactly the same genes found in prokaryotes all of the above are true.

The students set up their experiments. They set up quickly. The science fair began. before whenever although joining words

Diabetes mellitus causes glucose to be found in the urine. Why? Multiple Choice In diabetes mellitus, reabsorption of glucose is increased. Glucose is filtered, then reabsorbed in the renal tubule. Glucose transporters are overwhelmed by the large amount of glucose in the filtrate and cannot keep up. There is a large increase in secretion of glucose that occurs to compensate for increased blood sugar.

At two different points in time, you smell two distinctly different odors. How do your olfactory sensory neurons and their connected sensory pathways distinguish between the two different odors? Only one sensory neuron dedicated to each odor will activate at a time. Different sets of glomeruli will activate for different odors. Each odor detected has its own unique receptor potential strength it creates that can be interested by the olfactory control center in the brain.

You and a classmate are both equally exposed to the influenza virus. Your classmate develops symptoms of influenza and has to miss a week of class. You don't become sick at all. What could explain this? Your inflammatory response worked faster than your classmate's You had memory B and T cells against this virus from a previous exposure Your classmate has an autoimmune disorder Your classmate has allergies

What is the definition of myelin sheath? Select the best answer. fatty substance that insulates axons cells in the nervous system that act as interconnected information processors, which are essential for all of the tasks of the nervous system major extension of the soma

Which of the following is the correct flow of blood? Artery, venule, capillary, arteriole, vein Artery, vein, arteriole, venule, capillary Artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein Vein, venule, capillary, arteriole, artery

Find the mass of a sample of water if its temperature dropped 24.8 °C when it lost 870 J of heat. Hint. Which formula are you going to use? See interactive PPT. Don't forget the unit. Show your work.

Positive feedback: leads to improved function of organ systems is only observed in prokaryotes is relatively unusual in biological systems is important for maintaining homeostasis none of the above are true

The fight-or-flight response would initiate: reduction in urine output through ADH secretion prolactin release by the hypothalamus Secretin release by the anterior pituitary Conversion of glycogen to glucose by the liver cells

The ΔG knot prime (e.g. standard free energy change) for a hypothetical reaction is 15 kJ mol-1. Under what cellular conditions could one produce product? Keep the product concentration much lower than the substrate concentration. Add an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction. Keep the product concentration equal to the substrate concentration. This reaction is not possible under cellular conditions.

What is the name of the blue circle (denoted by ?) in the nucleus of the cell in the image above? A) nucleolus B) Y chromosome C) spindle fiber complex

The ATP and NADPH produced in the noncyclic electron pathway will be used by the light-independent reactions to reduce CO₂. remain in the thylakoid and enter Photosystem I. facilitate the decomposition of water to H* and O2. are used in the light-dependent reactions in the grana.

Which animals can efficiently breath through the skin surface? frogs alligators monkeys birds

In the Tryptophan Operon, tryptophan is the susbstrate the enzyme the inducer the corepressor the operator

Hepatitis means inflammation of the: a. Kidneys b. Lungs c. Liver

Brain cell metabolism requires a constant supply of glucose. The liver assists in the supply of glucose by breaking down glycogen stored in the skeletal muscle through a process called Glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis Hepatogenesis Glycolysis

are a class of nutrients that are a major source of energy for the body. Vitamins Minerals Proteins Carbohydrates

If a skateboarder lands on the ground after 3 seconds with a final velocity of -4.5 m/s, what is the skateboarder's initialvelocity? The initial velocity cannot be determined from what is given. -9.8 m/s² -33.9 m/s 24.9 m/s

Toddlers A. are too young to develop a positive image of themselves. B. rarely feel dependent on others. C. will not learn to value themselves unless they are certain that they are valued by the adults who care for them. D. need attention only from their parents.

What is the definition of basal metabolic rate? The sum of all the essential energy needs for the body to function. The sum of all energy consumption by a person during exercise. The rate at which your muscles use energy on a daily basis. The rate at which your cardiovascular system uses energy.

Which of the following is a sever condition associated with a cumulative loss of water and the body's inability to regulate its internal temperature? Heat Stroke Heat Loss Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion

The study of how gases are transferred between the lungs and blood and between the blood and body tissues, best describes the focus of cardiovascular physiology. nervous system anatomy. reproductive anatomy. respiratory physiology.

How would a physiologist describe the small intestine? The small intestine is several feet long. The small intestine wall contains circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle. The small intestine has a large surface area for more efficient digestion and absorption. The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

How would an anatomist describe the bladder? The main function of the bladder is to store urine. The bladder wall contains a transitional epithelium and several layers of smooth muscle. The muscular wall of the bladder contracts to help void urine. The internal folds and transitional epithelium allow the bladder to stretch without risking rupture of its wall.

Thermoreceptors detect body temperature and send impulses to the brain for analysis. If body temperature is low, the brain will signal skeletal muscles to perform brief, repeated contractions to help generate heat. In this example, what is the effector? Body temperature Skeletal muscles Thermoreceptors Brain

What part of our skeletal system serves to protect our vital organs (i.e., the brain, heart, and lungs)? Th axial skeleton The skull The appendicular skeleton The rib cage

Which of the following describes the right atrium? Select all the correct options. a) It receives blood from the aorta. b) It receives blood low in oxygen from the body. c) It contracts and pushes blood into the right ventricle. d) It pumps blood low in oxygen into the lungs.

A male patient arrives at the hospital with abdominal pain. Upon a physical examination, the doctors find the patient has pancreatitis, xanthomas, and symptoms of nerve damage. The medical professionals conduct a blood test and find elevated levels of chylomicron elements in the blood (chylomicronemia). Not very long ago, this patient was diagnosed with type two diabetes mellitus and was told by the doctor that he should lose 50 pounds. What is the probable cause of this patient having chylomicronemia and why is his diabetes playing a factor in causing this?

What mechanism could explain why midgut carcinoid tumors are observed when single nucleotide changes in the gene for succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) are detected? Defects in succinate dehydrogenase result in increased production of ROS, damage to DNA, and mutations that lead to unregulated cell division. Defects in succinate dehydrogenase completely block oxidative phosphorylation, and the lack of intracellular ATP triggers apoptosis. Defects in succinate dehydrogenase inhibit binding to ubiquinone resulting in the flow of protons through the uncoupling protein UPC1 and cell hyperthermogenisis. Defects in succinate dehydrogenase completely block the citric acid cycle, causing carcinogenic intermediates to accumulate. Defects in succinate dehydrogenase lead to a buildup of NADH, which stimulates cells to divide more rapidly than usual, leading to tumor growth.

Which of the following statements regarding the redox tower is most accurate? Eo and AGO have the same meaning when writing a redox couple, the oxidized form is always placed on the left, before the slash, followed by the reduced form after the forward slash. when writing a redox couple, the reduced form is always placed on the left, before the slash, followed by the oxidized form after the forward slash. redox couples are arranged from the strongest acceptors at the top to the strongest donors at the bottom.

When the optic nerve of an amphibians is cut and rotated upside-down, each axon: regenerated to a random location. regenerated, but to the opposite part of the original target area. degenerated. regenerated to the area where it had originally been.

What is the purpose of inferential statistics? Select all that apply. Allows the study of the middle of the data Allows the study of the range of the data Allow us to draw conclusions that extend beyond the presented data Allows generalization about a population based on the study of a sample

When a woman goes into labor during childbirth, the cervix expands which sends a signal to the pituitary gland to release oxytocin which results in more contractions which results in more oxytocin being released and so on. What is happening during childbirth? A negative feedback loop. Cell regulation A positive feedback loop. A neutral feedback loop

Organisms have the ability to regulate their internal environment in order to maintain a steady state called. O metabolism O homeostasis O life

Although the INAH3 differs between males who identify as gay and those who identify as heterosexual men, the subtle difference is that males who identify as gay have: a larger INAH3. fewer INAH3 neurons, but they are larger in size. a comparable number and size of INAH3 neurons. smaller INAH3 neurons, but a comparable number.

Why is it important to get a fallen worker to safely accessible ground? a) So medical care can be provided b) So OSHA can inspect the fall c) So fellow workers do not observe the injuries d) For insurance purposes

Which of the following is a true statement about health care professional exams? only students who earn high grades can take them students who graduate from accredited program are not required to take them specific educational requirements and clinical experience must be completed before taking them they are required in order to work legally in all occupations that involve direct care

If someone with normal color vision suddenly developed a condition where all her blue cones were always hyperpolarized, she would no longer experience some colors as she had before. The most markedly affected color would be ... blue green red violet

Repositioning the Center of Gravity over the base of support (one foot) when shifting position of a medicine ball Front-to-Side-to-Front, etc... would require: All of the above Accurate vestibular input to help associate body position with head movement Pelvic and core stability to move torso while stabilizing lower extremity Adequate postural tension to support weight of torso and med ball in motion