Cell: The Unit of Life Questions and Answers

Art labeling Activity Figure 1 2 Organ system level Chemical level Organismal level Tissue level Organ level Cellular level Atoms Molecules Cardiovascular system Heart Blood vessels Organelle Smooth muscle cell Blood vpel organ Smooth muscle tissue O

Drag the following unit conversions into the appropriate bin View Available Hint s Convert milliliters to liters Convert kilograms to milligrams Multiply by appropriate factor of 10 Convert meters to micrometers Convert nanoseconds to secon Divide by appropriate factor of 10

Drag the observations into their respective bins View Available Hint s color of a urine sample qualitative observations blood glucose level osmotic pressure of a solution weight of sample liver quantitative observations Reset stickiness of a serum sample

A Most but not all protists are uni cellular and lack peptido glycan B DNA C

A molecular biologist is researching the expression of a protein essential to plant growth The biologist observes how the rate of transcription is changed in four plant cells based on the presence of activator and repressor molecules The four plant cells are described below Plant Cell 1 Plant Cell 2 Plant Cell 3 Plant Cell 4 Select all that apply A Activator Present B yes Condition of plant cells being tested for transcription rate C no yes Which of the following best identifies a result the biologist should expect in her study no Plant cell 4 will have the highest rate of transcription Transcription will not occur in plant cell 4 Repressor Present Plant cell 1 will have the highest rate of transcription no yes yes no

A researcher finds that prokaryotic cells can express genes in significantly less time than that required by eukaryotic cells Which of the following identifies a reason why prokaryotic cells may be able to express genes in a shorter amount of time than eukaryotic cells Select all that apply A B C Eukaryotic cells require posttranscriptional RNA processing to remove introns from the genes Translation occurs in the nucleus of the cells while transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell in eukaryotes The steps of gene expression happen simultaneously in prokaryotic cells Fukaryotic coll of shorter DNA

Cellular respiration requires oxygen and glucose in order to create ATP By products of cel lular respiration are water and carbon dioxide During respiration the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs in the lungs Alveoli are small structures found in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between the alveoli and capillaries In the lining of the alveoli of the lungs diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen must occur rapidly During the gas ex change diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen must occur rapidly The data table below shows the surface area to volume ratio with respect to the cell type A B Cell Type C Simple squamous Simple cuboidal Simple columnar Simple spherical Surface Area to Volume Ratio 9 6 Based on this information which of the following best explains a surface area to volume ratio of a cell that would be best suited for the cells in the lining of the lungs 4 3 A low surface area to volume ratio would be needed to allow for an increased amount of diffusion in and out of the cell A low surface area to volume ratio would be needed to allow for water to be quickdy transported through membrane proteins A high surface area to volume ratio would be needed to allow for an increased amount of diffusion in and out of the cell

15 What is the overall outcome of the light reactions in photosynthesis

Label the parts of dicot and monocot stems Use your Stem and Leaf diagram activity worksheets to help you 500 um Monocot A B C D E F G H 1 J select answer select answer select answer select answer D Some selections may be used more than once or some may not be used at all select answer select answer select answer select answer select answer select answer Dicot E F G

Question 8 of 10 There are many unicellular organisms In addition anything less than a cell is not alive What do these two statements imply about cells A Bacteria are single cell organisms B Cells are the basic units of life C Most organisms are made up of cells D Cells come from preexisting cells SUBMIT

Methanogens a form of archaea release methane gas instead of as a by product of anaerobic respiration

2 What are the structural and functional similarities and differences between mitochondria and chloroplasts

4 What are the similarities and differences between the structures of centrioles and flagella

Removal of waste material from the cell Phagocytosis of bacterial cells by white blood cells Secretion of tears into the lacrimal ducts The uptake of cholesterol by liver cells Release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft Amoeba extending pseudopods to engulf food particles 4

is the process of a vector carrying DNA from one bacterium to another creating genetic variety A Transduction B Oogenesis C Conjugation D Transformation

2 It has been observed that cells lacking alcohol dehydrogenase accumulate large amounts of glycerol during anaerobic fermentation Explain why 5 points

A For a fruit fly behavior experiment the choice chamber below is used The flies choice of side A over time may result from no electrical A current operant conditioning B habituation C B electrical current classical conditioning

Blue feet F are dominant over white feet f Mom is heterozygous for blue feet and dad has white feet What is the chance of their first child having blue feet List all genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring

tion get out to the cell so it make proteins 10 What are the three types of RNA 11 What is transcription and translation and where do they occur 12 What are mutations and what causes them 13 What is the difference between a protein gene mutation and chromosomal mutation

Match the eukayotic plants animals protists and fungi organelles to their functions Intermediate filaments Microfilaments Peroxisomes Ribosome Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein synthesis and assisted folding Lipid synthesis storage of calcium Tension baring anchors for cellular structure and support Protein synthesis Oxidizers that help to detoxify the body

The nucleus found in eukaryotes plants animals protists and fungi is a complex organelle Label its internal components Be sure to understand the function of each Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleoplasm Nuclear Nuclear

cells whereas Class II MHC are only expressed by Class 1 MHC are expressed by Read carefully this is asking what cells have MHC Class I and what cells have MHC Class II not what cells recognize what cells

a b The process shown in the figure is O endocytosis O passive transport osmosis O exocytosis c

Extracellular fluid Lipid soluble solutes endocytosis Cytoplasm The process shown in the figure is passive transport exocytosis Lipid O active transport insoluble solutes Small lipid insoluble solutes Water molecules Lipid bilayer

A student was asked to create a model to explain how DNA is replicated for transmission to subsequent generations of cells What is the first thing that happens that she needs to represent in her model O Homologous chromosomes pair up O Complementary bases attach O Paired homologous chromosomes align O Enzymes unzip strands of DNA

Question 97 Where would you find simple cuboidal epithelium male urethra kidney tubules O lining of stomach Oskin

A muscle cramp is a sudden painful contraction of a muscle during which movement is difficult What is happening at the cellular level during a muscle cramp

23 08 Match each cellular component with the correct cell type prokaryote eukaryote or both Has a nucleoid Has a cell membrane Has organelles Has cytoplasm Contains ribosomes Has a nucleus Prokaryote 16001 Eukaryote Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

O 0 26 17 The structure s that easily distinguishes a plant Check All That Apply chloroplasts nucleus cell wall the Golgt apparatus mitochondria

3 00 27 47 The endoplasmic reticulum Multiple Choice O O carriles on cellular respiration is the location of the genetic material is where digestive enzymes are stored is the site of photosynthesis functions in the synthesis of lipids and pro

32 06 Which of the following are found in both plant and animal cells Select all that apply Check All That Apply mitochondria chloroplasts centrioles Golgl complexes G

You observe that the endoplasmic reticulum ER of the cells you are examining mostly has a tubular appearance Almost none of the ER has a flatten sac appearance You suspect that O Very little ER based protein synthesis is happening in these cells O Quite a lot of ER based protein synthesis is happening in these cells

Helminths Bacteria Protozoans Fungi No cell walls Walls made of peptidoglycan types of fer Walls made of cellulose or chitin

The process animals use to break down glucose and with the help of oxygen create energy carbon dioxide and water vapor 1 Point O anaerobic respiration O cellular photosynthesis O digestion cellular respiration

Once mRNA polypeptide the ribosome and enters the to be folded and even modified A endoplasmic reticulum is translated the is released from C mitochondrion B Golgi apparatus D E site

c Describe what occurs during crossing over and how it produces genetic variation Draw a model to support your answer Your model should include two chromosomes one with the alleles A E and G and the other with the alleles a e and g 4 points

A cell is infected with an enveloped ssRNA retrovirus What is the full order of nuclei acids that the virus will tell the cell to make OssRNA dsDNA mRNA ssRNA mRNA OssRNA ssDNA CERNA dsRNA mRNA

The process of cell division is different for prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells because a prokaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes b prokaryotic DNA resides within a nucleus c prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome d prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells

27 Match the following 1 flower bearing plant 2 the condition of having anisogametes gametes similar in shape but different in size the replication of a parent cell or organism producing a genetically identical offspring the part of the cell division that causes the separation of the cytoplasm the fusion of gametes to produce a new cell or zygote often said to be the union of egg and sperm asexual reproduction fertilization anisogamy cytokinesis angiosperm

2 A a dakilerden hangisi prokaryot h crelerde bulunmaz A DNA B RNA C H cre zar D Sitoplazma E Mitokondr

9 Cancer cells typically change select types of cell adhesion molecules which allows them to invade surrounding areas True or False

3 A Centrosome is essential for forming actin filaments True or False

Microtubules make up mitotic spindles in M phase True or False A signal peptidase cleaves signal sequences from polypeptides proteins True or False A Centrosome is essential for forming actin filaments True or False Golgi networks use translocators to export proteins True or False VAMPS are essential for the general vesicle tethering docking and fusion process True or False APC loss of function mutations typically cause a reduction of WNT signaling to promote polyp formation and colon cancer True or False Actin is polymerized and depolymerized in a process known as dynamic

Post transcription RNA will be edited by a spliceosome to remove the A exons C 3 poly A tail B 5 GTP cap D introns

0 00 0 17 IEE Tertiary consumers NAS Secondary consumers C food chain Primary consumers Producers Speed 1x

Portfolio Problem Cells in your Body 1 About how many cells are in the human body 2 You can assume that a cell is a sphere with radius 103 cm and that the density of a cell is approximately the density of water which is 1g cm

York College CUNY Bio 301Sp2021B Final Exam B May 24 NAME wayat 27 Multiple Choice 1 pt each 9 Short Answer 2 pt each 36 Q total 45 pts answer all as on Exam 4 1 The best description of lysogeny by temperate bacteriophage is A mobile segments of DNA B tiny RNA molecules that infect plants C viral DNA integrates into the host genome D misfolded form of normal brain protein E DNA methylation a defense for bacteria against bacteriophage infection 2 The Covid19 genome is detected in a nasal swab from an infected patient by A microarray analysis B Northern blotting C Western blotting D Southern blotting E RT PCR 3 best explains the reliance on combination drug therapy A Viral genes turn the host cell into a lambda producing factory B Mutations are introduced into the HIV 1 genome by error prone RT C The phage genome replicates along with the host genome D Provirus enters the host genome switching to the lysogenic cycle E Prophage DNA is incorporated by homologous recombination into host cell ribosomal RNA Introns are removed from pre mRNA by A signal recognition particle B mediator protein complex C arbitrator aggregate D the spliceosome E dicer 5 In recombinant DNA technology transformant refers to A the enzyme that cuts DNA into fragments B the sticky ends of an RNA fragment C antibiotic resistant colony D a plasmid used to carry insert lipid into a host cell E the enzyme that covalently joins insert to vector 6 Scrapie mad cow and Creutzfeld Jacob disease are all caused by A C vibrio B Influenza virus C Covid 19 D HIV 1 polyprotein E Prion proteins 7 Specific DNA segments obtained using PCR and a primer pair are A replicons B amplicons C exons D spliceosomes E introns

B ok t nces toplasmic membrane Nucleus DNA Ribosomes Cell wall Organelles

or more than one of the following tend to promote transcription by helping RNA polymerase to bind to the dna of the promoter region in front of a gene icro RNAS nhancers ranscription Factors lternativo Splicing

Biofilms are best known for being goopy or slimy Why O Metabolic collaboration between cells O Stress induced physiological changes in surface cells O Presence of an extracellular matrix Stress induced physiological changes of all cells