Biology Questions

2 Suppose a mistake was made while preparing a batch of EMB agar and the starting pH is 7 6 instead of 6 9 7 3 Would that affect the medium s sensitivity or specificity Explain your answer See pp 9 10 A Word About Experimental Design for assistance with these terms

Critical Thinking 1 Why do bile salts make an ideal ingredient in MAC agar to grow fecal coliforms over other bacteria

2 Occasionally MAC agar is prepared as a broth medium but such a format would not be useful for food safety or water quality testing Explain why

7 Choose the true statement s about Staphylococcus species select all that apply a They exist as normal human microbiota of the skin b They include pathogens c They are salt tolerant d They include opportunistic pathogens e They all ferment mannitol

2 Which batch or batches if any would you pass for use in the laboratory 3 The technician learned that one of the batches was prepared with a below normal amount of NaCl Which batch would that most likely be How do you know

batches MSA DETore a quality control QC analysis For QC analysis an MSA plate from each batch is inoculated with three different bacterial species Organisms A and B should both grow on MSA Organism C should not grow on MSA Organism A can also ferment mannitol but Organism B cannot As a positive control the same process side by side inoculation of Organisms A B and C is used to inoculate a nutrient agar NA plate As a negative control an uninoculated control is also included for each test run The data for several separate MSA batches are presented in the following tables QC Testing Batch 1 MSA Nutrient Agar QC Testing Batch 2 MSA Nutrient Agar QC Testing Batch 3 MSA Nutrient Agar Organism A Abundant Growth Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism A Abundant Growth Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism A Abundant Growth No Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism B Abundant Growth No Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism B Abundant Growth No Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism B No Growth Abundant Growth Organism C Abundant Growth No Yellow Halo Abundant Growth Organism C No Growth Abundant Growth Organism C No Growth Abundant Growth Uninoculated Plate No Growth No Growth Uninoculated Plate No Growth No Growth Based on the data provided answer the following questions 1 Applying what you have learned about MSA what criteria must be met for a batch to pass QC Uninoculated Plate Some Growth No Growth

1 As a hobby you make pickles Your cousin comes over and you offer them a taste of your latest batch of locally famous never cooked refrigerator sweet and sour cucumber dills They turn down the offer and mention to you that the CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention just issued a warning that an outbreak of foodbome Campylobacter jejun infections associated with cucumbers has been tearing through the region for the last month The cases are all linked to cucumbers purchased at a local farmer s market the same market where you buy all your cucumbers Your cousin reminds you that the pickle batch you just completed was made using cucumbers that were harvested and sold during the time frame in which the infections occurred Are your pickles which soak in a pH 3 2 vinegar brine for at least a month safe to eat Explain your reasoning

2 Different animals have different normal body temperatures For example chickens have a normal body temperature of 40 6 41 7 C 105 107 F How might different animal body temperatures affect their susceptibility to certain bacterial pathogens

2 The alkaline diet has gained in popularity to improve general wellness and even prevent the growth of harmful bacteria The premise of the diet is that certain foods raise your body s pH to an alkaline level basic level and that increase in pH is protective Apply what you learned in this lab to discuss if this is a legitimate claim or wishful thinking

Identify C A B C F E

James finds an interesting fossil and wants to know how old it is He takes it to his cousin who works in laboratory and he determines that it is 350mya based on the ratio of Uranium atoms compared to Lead atoms in the sample What dating method is this an example of O Index Fossil O Corollary Rock Layers Relative Dating

Part A D E F Identify the structures within the circle labeled A G K H

Step No 1 Step No 2 Step No 4 Step No 5 Step No 6 Choose Choose The bacteriophage inserts its DNA using the sheath Binary fission also duplicates the viral DNA That is the animal cell The bacteriophage inserts its DNA using the capsid Viral DNA incorporates into the host s DNA That is the bacterial cell That is the protozoan cell Eventually two identical cells will synthesize bacteriophage particles Eventually two identical cells will synthesize the mutated DNA

2 Oxygen is usually abundant in the lungs so why do some bacteria that cause lung infections eg Mycobacterium tuberculo the bacterium that causes tuberculosis evolve to be facultative anaerobes

5 Old thioglycollate can give inaccurate data What could you expect if older thioglycollate medium was used Select all that apply a Fastidious bacteria would be unable to grow b Strict anaerobes may not be detected c Obligate aerobes would grow less than expected d Microaerophiles would grow less than expected e Aerotolerant anaerobes would be unable to grow

vaccine development and other basic research studies Which of the following hosts will allow the replication of animal and human viruses Mark all that apply Hen s eggs HeLa cells Primary cell cultures E coli Cancerous cells

Chapter 7 Patterns of Inhe ePage s 132 133 7 2 Describe the importance of Gregor Mendel s experiments to our understanding of inheritance Complete the passage describing Mendel s experiments Drag word s below to fill in the blank s in the passage He first relied on a parental P Mendel explored inheritance of traits by performing a generation of plants that were and always produced flowers with the same color to produce an F2 generation to track their parents He allowed the resulting F generation to the inheritance of traits genetic cross phenotype genotype self fertilize isolate hybrids as

Although the intended outcome is to help students learn the process of identifying students eligible for special education may produce numerous negative side effects Some of the side effects include The identified children may feel unusual or dumb Other children may call the children names Teachers may view these children as unworthy of attention The process may produce classes segregated by race or social class True False

To which game are the following sentences related This game is played on a rectangular field of grass with a goal in the middle of each of the short ends The game is scored by driving the ball into the opposing goal O Basketball O Soccer O Tennis O Baseball Do you update Reset bu this asse Res Questio 5 9

ces and answer the following question If my dad says he works out every day don t believe him That s just a tall tale He s always telling stories like that In these sentences the keywords tall tales and don t believe refer to O workouts O dad O believing C lice Re thi Que 1 5 9

What is the biggest component of bone tissue by of tissue 1 the osteocytes 2 the collagen fibers 3 the minerals such as hydroxyapatite

Explain the mosaic model Use the correct terms to complete the sentences that explain how the fluid mosaic model of a membrane works 1 In membranes phospholipids associate to form two layers 2 Larger proteins float within the bilayer 3 Integral membrane proteins proteins in a membrane

Osmotic concentrations Use the correct terms to explain the osmotic concentrations of the solutions If the cytoplasm of a cell is a 1 salt solution a 1 ed it and a 1 solution will be hypotonic to it salt solution will be hypertonic to it a 10 solution will be isotonic

10 Since 1980s US economy has been characterized more and more by increasing market power meaning each industry is dominated by powerful few firms What does it imply about inflation

4 The annual inflation rate measures the percentage growth rate of a CPI from the base period 1982 1984 to a given year b CPI from one year to the next c real GDP from the base period 1982 1984 to a given year d real GDP from one year to the next

3 When inflation occurs a each dollar of income will buy more output that before b all prices are rising c the purchasing power of money increases d prices of financial assets are rising e prices of goods and services purchased by countryside consumers are rising f prices of consumers goods and services including imports are rising

1 What are the two macroeconomic goals

How many grams of dry agarose do you need to prepare a 3 gel in 50mL of buffer

You want to prepare a dilution solution with a concentration of 200 M in 0 1mL of water from a 4mM stock solution of primer How many microliters do you need to take from the stock solution to prepare the dilution solution Do not include unit in your answer just the number

How many grams of dry agarose do you need to prepare a 1 5 gel in 150mL of buffer

What is the smallest particle electron in Ichemistry than

Explain the similarities and differences between intraspecific competition among species a interspecific competition Similarities

Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote It is easy in the world to live after the world s opinion it is easy in solitude to live after our own but the great man is he who in the midst of the crowd keeps with perfect sweetness the independence of solitude This quote can be best described as transcendentalism satire

is the doctrine that denies a strong separation between scientific and philosophic methodologies and topics Naturalism Realism Romanticism Existentialism

is the style of writing characteristic of material in periodical print publications and broadcast news media consisting of direct presentation of facts or events with an attempt to minimize analysis or interpretation O Journalism answer O Colloquial O Idiosyncratic Existentialism Reset Reset E this ass Quest Re 1 5 9

a Describe the situations when Greek prefixes are used To specify the number of hydrogen atoms in the formula of simple nonmetal hydrogen compounds To specify the number of water molecules in a hydrate To specify the charge of elements in the names of polyatomic compounds To specify the number of atoms of each element in molecular compounds To specify the number of atoms of each element in ionic compounds eTextbook and Media b Describe when are Roman numerals are used To specify the number of ions in ionic compounds To specify the number of ions in molecular compounds

Which of the following statements about gastropods is FALSE Torsion creates a sanitation problem because it moves the mantle cavity to the anterior All gastropods undergo torsion during development The evolution of the conispiral shell eventually led to the loss of the gills on one side of the body Coiling involves a complete 180 degree rotation of the shell and visceral mass with respect to the head and foot

Which of the following statements about gastropods is FALSE All gastropods undergo torsion during development The evolution of the conispiral shell eventually led to the loss of the gills on one side of the body Torsion creates a sanitation problem because it moves the mantle cavity to the anterior Coiling involves a complete 180 degree rotation of the shell and visceral mass with respect to the head and foot

Water molecules stay close to each other as a result of existence of hydrogen bonds Collectively The clinging hydrogen bonds hold the substance together this phenomenon is called cohesion of one substance to another which is called adhesion also plays a role In this way adhesion of water through hydrogen bonds to the molecules which comprise the villi on the cat s tongue helps counter the downward pull of gravity As a result such a phenomenon as adhesion helps drops of water stay whole and attached to each other At the same time cohesion allows drops to be transported against gravity

The gonads produce steroids The specific steroid producing organelle in gonad cells is contractile vacuole O lysosomes O mitochondria O smooth endoplasmic reticulum O ribosomes

The structure that easilydistinguishes aplant cell from ananimal cell is O the plasma membrane mitochondria the Golgi apparatus chloroplasts the nucleus

The intermediate host of the blood fluke is a Ocrayfish human Ofrog O dog

Which of the following statements about gastropods is FALSE O Torsion creates a sanitation problem because it moves the mantle cavity to the anterior The evolution of the conispiral shell eventually led to the loss of the gills on one side of the body Coiling involves a complete 180 degree rotation of the shell and visceral mass with respect to the head and foot All gastropods undergo torsion during development

Which of the following groups of mollusks feed with a radula Select all that apply Gastropoda Polyplacophora Bivalvia

A fishing net brings up a soft bodied animal with a coiled external shell How can you determine whether the animal is a gastropod or a cephalopod In the first blank give one unique trait that would allow you to identify the organism as a member of Class Gastropoda A In the second blank give one unique trait that would allow you to identify the organism as a Cephalopod A

Which groups of mollusks have a closed circulatory system select all that apply Bivalves Polyplacophora Cephalopods actronada

Which stages of the life cycle of a digenetic fluke are asexual Select all that apply miracidia redia cercaria metacercaria sporocyst

The intermediate host of the blood fluke is a crayfish human Ofrog dog

Protein degradation in eukaryotes is performed by proteasome O flagellum ATP synthase cytoskeleton ribosome

The surrounding the centriol Please provide 5 examples or descriptors for the types of junctions below Hint you don t have to look outside your textbook these are all found in there Adhesive Junctions Septate Tight Junctions Communicating Junctions