Human Health and Diseases Questions and Answers

Why is it frequently more difficult to treat fungal infections in humans than it is to treat bacterial infections O Fungi evolve too quickly to treat as infections O Fungi all are intracellular pathogens so the host cell membranes protect them O Both fungi and humans are eukaryotes O Fungi are now resistant to most antibiotics

The term antibiotic is usually reserved for drugs that target O Fungi Bacteria Archea O Viruses

Why are antiviral drugs often very dangerous to take The chance for cross reactivity with beneficial viruses O Viruses use host cells to replicate and inhibiting host cell function is dangerous O They typically are only slowly solubilized and can thus destroy liver cells The high toxicity of the metals used such as antimony

D O Influenza has a particularly high mutation rate relative to other viruses O Influenza can do reassortment with its genome when two or more viruses infect the same host O Influenza is able to pick up genes from other viruses such as picornoviruses O Influenza specifically targets T helper cells Question 6 An infectious agent remains infectious after treatment with an enzyme that destroys DN Other than a prion what might the infectious agent be A virus A fungus 2 An archeon

on 36 What do eosinophils and basophils and neutrophils share in common 1 they are leukocytes 2 they are part of innate immunity 1 2 and 3 are correct responses 1 and 2 are correct responses 3 they are the first line of defese

Previous Ich of the following biologic terms best matches interferons antibodies lymphocytes none of the are innate

While lung cancer is a challenging cancer to treat that affects both males and females luckily it is also not a cancer that is associated with many cancer deaths True False

Emphysema is notable because it is due to loss of cilia o inflammation of the trachae a constriction of the bronchi o destruction of the alveoli Previous

Helper T cells can interact with macrophages which leads to the release of chemical communicators known as Interleukins histamine Interferons complement

Pick out an example of passive immunity mRNA Covid vaccine o breast feeding memory cells o injection with inactive antigen exposure to antigen none of these are correct complement Previous

Select the statement that is true MHC II is found on the cell membranes of virtually all nucleated cells T cell originate are first made in the thymus cytotoxic T cells secrete antibodies cytotoxic T cells kill infected cells more than one is correct Previous

eing 65 years or older is a risk factor for Alzheimer s disease 5 True

What were the different perspectives on the issue of slavery in the United C

PCNA is a protein involved in DNA replication A version of it is found in all living things A segment of the protein s amino acid sequence is shown for five different species Different letters represent different amino acids Yeast Cow Nematode Chicken Fruit fly O A Chicken OB Cow O C Fruit fly DQP VDL TFGA NEP VQV TFAL KDP VNV NFSI Based on these sequences which organism shares the most recent common ancestor with yeast D Nematode NEP VQL TFAL QEP VTL TFGA

Identify and explain three 3 differences between the health care systems of Canada and the United States Write paragraph explaining each difference identified Use the following sources Canada s Healthcare System E US Healthcare System E United Sates Healthcare System Comparing the US and Canadian Healthcare Systems 4 Grading criteria Student can gain up to 5 points per paragraph written and 5 points for the bibliography list of sources consulted Each paragraph must demonstrate that the student completed the required readings and videos Each paragraph must contain a direct reference or quotation to some of the required readings Each paragraph must be original using student s own work or ideas A complete list of used sources must be included after the 3 paragraphs Sources must be listed using APA orASA format Your answers to the questions must be of substantial quality in order to get points Substantial quality includes a demonstration that you have completed the required readings and videos and thought critically about them

handwashing O Cryptosporidium parvum O Giardia lamblia O Cyclospora cayetanensis Question 10 a petting 200 where kids may be in contact with Strongyloidiasis 1 pts Some worm larvae are capable of penetrating unbroken skin Which of the following helminthic disease are caused by parasites that may penetrate the skin Mark all that apply

What diseases are associated with clinical consequences of strep throat primary infections Mark all that apply Streptococcal pharyngitis Acute glomerulonephritis Acute rheumatic fever Petechia

Mutations can affect genes that control cell division This can result in the production of cancer cells What would be the ideal response of a healthy individual when this type of mutation occurs The cancer cell will reproduce more identical cells through mitosis O The cancer cell will be destroyed by the body s immune system via apoptosis The cancer cells will produce tumors in organs O The cancer cells will spread through the bloodstream

Which of the following is a physical mutagen A chemicals in cigarettes B chemicals in pesticides C bacteria D UV radiation

Write the main definition for the medical term diaphoresis

Write the main definition for the medical term blonborant

Write only one of the meanings of the suffix rrhea

Write the main definition for the medical term pyoderma

Write the main definition for the medical term melanoma

In two to three sentences describe the most common ways of transmission of H Normal C

Which of the following is the CORRECT pairing of a genetic disorder and it s advantage A Flu resistant to cancer B Strep Throat inability to catch the flu C Sickle Cell Anemia inability to catch malaria

Which statement about viruses is FALSE O a A viral genome is made of either DNA or RNA but not both O b Viruses use their own ribosomes to make viral proteins O c Some viruses have an envelope which they steal from host cell membranes O d Viruses are assembled from constituent parts they don t grow O e The viral capsid is made of protein

Biology what is a likely mechanism of immune evasion as a testable hypothesis to help treat Sars Cov2 please go into detail

Patients with mutations in the recombination activating gene 1 RAG1 frequently present with severe combined immunodeficiency and very low or undetectable levels of antibodies A likely explanation for this defect could be hout A out B The inability of Rag1 to form a complex with Rag2 and activate the transcription of the recombined immunoglobulin genes The inability of the Rag1 to form a complex with Rag2 and initiate V D J recombination by binding and cleaving the RSS also known as RS sequences out C A defect in the secretion of the immunoglobulin genes out D The inability of the Rag 1 2 complex to bind to the immunoglobulin encoding mRNA and splice out

cancer can result from the expression of mutant forms of several types of proteins List the several types of proteins and explain how each specific mutation increases the risk for cancers

What is the difference between a scholarly article and a popular article A scholarly article is at least 5000 words long while a popular article is typically 140 characters or less O A scholarly article is written for a scholarly audience while a popular article is typically written for the general public or a non specialist audience O A scholarly article is one assigned by a course instructor while a popular article is one recommended by your peers No difference They re the same thing

3 No diseases have ever been fully True or false Evidence 4 Cows buffalo and wildebeest are closely related enough that the same disease can harm all of them True or false Evidence

5 Strict quarantine is key to stopping disease before a vaccine is developed True or false Evidence What is something interesting you learned from reading

Which of the following groups requires Category 3 containment levels because it contains two highly dangerous pathogens O a Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Bacillus anthracis b Bacillus anthracis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa O c Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni O d Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Oe Rhizobium etli and Pseudomonas syringae

1 a CO monitoring has been widely recognized as one effective way to assess the airborne infection risk in the indoor spaces during the COVID 19 pandemic Explain why CO monitoring is useful for this purpose

Multinucleate giant cell syncitia observed in a Tzanck smear of acetone stained skin cells is diagnostic of infection by which virus a Yellow fever virus b Influenza virus c Cytomegalovirus d SARS coronavirus e Herpes simplex virus

Which of the following would not be part of a diagnostic profile for someone suffering from E coli O157 H7 food poisoning Oa Positive ELISA for verotoxin b Pink colonies on lactose MacConkey agar O c Positive ELISA for flagellar antigen 7 Od Positive ELISA for somatic antigen 157 e Red colonies on sorbitol MacConkey agar

Stress can weaken the O genitourinary O immune O nervous system which may lead to immune disorders

When the Klamath River dams were proposed in 1901 and thereafter the government made what promises to encourage people to support the construction and settling of the area Select all that may apply Environmentalists were promised caches of fish to feed animals within the ecosystem Power companies were promised a minimum income from generating electricity Veterans of World War I and II who would farm the land were promised irrigation water forever Native tribes were promised eternal fishing rights and fish passage around the dams

What s your thoughts on the blood pressure machine

Dr Kiem discussed in some detail the Berlin patient who was HIV leukemia patient and received treatment for both HIV and leukemia What do these two conditions share in common that treatment for leukemia helped treat HIV mutations in CCR increases the risk for cancer and HIV leukemia is a cancer of blood cells and T cells are blood cells leukemia is caused by HIV so treatment for one means treatment for both

The definitive host for Toxoplasma is a O Cat O Human O Cow

Which of the following diseases is considered a mycosis Chagas disease Ringworm Schistosomiasis Ascariasis

Biology 4 What are B and T cells Know the different kinds and how they work and when they might be activated

Sally is not feeling well so her mother takes her to the doctor The doctor tells her she has strep throat gives her medicine and sends her home to recover What type of insurance would Sally need in this case O Unemployment O Health O Life O Disability

Financial asset is O furniture O building O bank deposit land

11 Marco would like to decrease the number of calories he eats in a day Which of the following is a good way for him to accomplish this O A Consuming whole fat food items B Consuming foods higher in macronutrients C Eating more calorie dense foods D Eating less calorie dense foods

T lymphocytes come from small lymphocytes which come from lymphoid stem cells Where do the steps of differentiation occur first and second thymocytes O Red marrow and thymus O Red and yellow marrow O Yellow marrow and thymus Only in the thymus Question 9 Match the columns related to the types of vaccines Inactivated vaccine Conjugate Toxoid Subunit Live attenuated Choose Choose Weakened strain of whole pathogen yellow fever tuberculosis Immunogenic antigens anthrax influenza Whole pathogen is killed inactivated with chemicals radiation or heat plague rabies The capsule polysaccharide is conjugated to a protein meningitis Inactivated bacterial toxin tetanus Choose Choose Choose 4 0 5 pts

You are using genetically altered laboratory mice to investigate the immunological mechanism of resistance to a novel virus You find that mice lacking perforin are highly susceptible to the virus but mice lacking RAG recombinases are similar to wild type mice Based on these results which of the following is likely to be the MOST important immunological pathway involved in controlling this virus Group of answer choices Activation of macrophages by TH1 cells The missing self pathway of NK cell activation Complement mediated lysis Cytolysis by CTLS that recognize viral peptides Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity ADSSY

Biology You are using genetically altered laboratory mice to investigate the immunological mechanism of resistance to a novel virus You find that mice lacking perforin are highly susceptible to the virus but mice lacking RAG recombinases are similar to wild type mice Based on these results which of the following is likely to be the MOST important immunological pathway involved in controlling this virus Group of answer choices Activation of macrophages by TH1 cells The missing self pathway of NK cell activation Complement mediated lysis Cytolysis by CTLS that recognize viral peptides Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity ADCO